The plenum on an intake manifold equalizes air flow to the engine cylinders.
This distribution optimizes engine performance and efficiency. The intake manifold must contain higher pressure than the outlet, which is provided by the cylinders during the intake stroke. This higher pressure is produced by an air enclosure, or chamber, called the plenum.
Runners
Intake manifolds contain runners, or tubes that extend to the cylinder head intake ports from the plenum.An intake manifold refers to an engine allotment that supplies the air and fuel compound to the cylinders. Intake manifold plenums assist the distribution of this mix.
Intake Manifold
The intake manifold's essential advantage is to transfer the air and fuel combustion mix to the intake ports contained in Everyone cylinder head.The runners take up a smaller section of the plenum surface than the inlet, thereby aerodynamically supplying air to the plenum.
Helmholtz Resonance
Intake manifold runners take advantage of the Helmholtz Resonance phenomenon, which results in air resonance in a cavity, such as the plenum. When a valve closes, air outside of the valve compresses against it, created a pocket of high pressure. This pressure equalizes with lower pressure in the plenum, which creates cycles, or pulses, of oscillation. This enables the plenum to operate at a high volumetric efficiency when equalizing air flow to the engine cylinders.
